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Heart failure is a disease that seriously threatens human health and has become a global public health problem. Diagnostic and prognostic analysis of heart failure based on medical imaging and clinical data can reveal the progression of heart failure and reduce the risk of death of patients, which has important research value. The traditional analysis methods based on statistics and machine learning have some problems, such as insufficient model capability, poor accuracy due to prior dependence, and poor model adaptability. In recent years, with the development of artificial intelligence technology, deep learning has been gradually applied to clinical data analysis in the field of heart failure, showing a new perspective. This paper reviews the main progress, application methods and major achievements of deep learning in heart failure diagnosis, heart failure mortality and heart failure readmission, summarizes the existing problems and presents the prospects of related research to promote the clinical application of deep learning in heart failure clinical research.
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Humans , Artificial Intelligence , Deep Learning , Heart Failure/diagnosis , Machine Learning , Diagnostic ImagingABSTRACT
Objective:To observe any effect of ultrashortwave (USW) therapy on inflammatory cytokines and the MAPK pathway of rats with a spinal cord injury.Methods:Seventy-nine Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group ( n=35), an intervention group ( n=35) and a sham group ( n=9). Allen′s method was used to establish a contusion model of SCI in the rats of the control and intervention groups, while the sham group′s spinal tissues were exposed but not stricken. Beginning twenty-four hours after SCI modeling, the intervention group was given 7min of USW therapy daily, five days a week till the day of sacrifice for sampling the target area of spinal cord for tests. Then, motion function was evaluated using Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) scoring. One, three and seven days after the SCI modeling, immunofluorescence and western blotting were employed to observe any changes in inflammatory factors and the MAPK pathway in the lesioned area. Results:Fourteen days after the modeling the average BBB score of the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group′s average. Moreover, 7 days after the modeling the average content of the domains containing protein 3 (NLRP3), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-6 receptor and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the target area of the spinal cord of sham group showed significantly lower levels than in the other 2 groups. And the levels in the intervention group were significantly lower than in the control group. Seven days after the modeling the number of cells positive for zinc finger protein 36 (TTP) in the lesioned area of the intervention group was significantly greater than among the control group. At the same time the levels of MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2), phosphorylated-mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated version (p-MK2) and TTP in the control and intervention groups were significantly higher than in the sham group. And there were significant differences between the intervention group and control group in the levels of MK2, p-MK2 and TTP.Conclusion:Ultrashortwave therapy can inhibit inflammation by regulating the MAPK inflammatory pathway, promoting the recovery of motion functions, at least in rats.
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Respiratory microbiome is extensively involved in human life activities and affects lung health and disease states through metabolism and immune regulation. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and other methods, it is obvious that the diversity and the changes in the structure of respiratory microbiome and the dominant proliferation of pathogens are strongly related to the occurrence, development and clinical prognosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). The mechanism by which respiratory microbiota promotes the clearance of pathogens may include the following aspects: ① pre-stimulating innate immune system to increase the number of immune effector cells; ② regulating pattern recognition receptor (PRR) to moderately promote the production of cytokines; ③ inducing the differentiation of neutrophils into specific subtypes and increasing the expression of antimicrobial genes; ④ producing free fatty acids and organic compounds that are capable of positively modulating the immune system. In conclusion, intervention of microbiome is beneficial to VAP patients. Therefore, this review illustrates the changes of respiratory flora in VAP and its effect on host immunity. At the same time, based on the review of the adjuvant treatment of VAP with probiotics, we put forward the prospect of respiratory commensal bacteria as a new clinical probiotic, in order to deepen the clinical understanding of the role of respiratory flora in VAP, and then provide new ideas for the evaluation of treatment and prognosis.
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The tumors of central nervous system refer to a group of benign and malignant diseases originating from tissues or structures within the central nervous system. Common tumors of central nervous system are sporadic, but a few have familial onset. Compared with sporadic brain tumors, the clinical symptoms, diagnostic ideas and follow-up review plans of familial brain tumors are more complicated. The multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment (MDT) mode usually refers to a treatment mode in which a case involving multiple organs and systems is discussed, and the best treatment plan is formulated for the patient based on the comprehensive opinions of various disciplines. Because familial brain tumors often involve multiple organs, multiple disciplines and multiple systems, and their low incidence leads to less clinical experience for neurosurgeons, the MDT model is more conducive to efficient diagnosis, treatment and management of familial brain tumors. This review elaborates on the neurosurgeon-led MDT model, and introduces the latest research on the epidemiology, genetic characteristics, clinical manifestations, diagnostic ideas and multidisciplinary management of familial brain tumors.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of different delivery and feeding modes on intestinal microflora in infants with atopic dermatitis (AD) .Methods:A total of 33 infants with AD were enrolled from Department of Dermatology, Wuhan NO.1 Hospital from July 2019 to December 2020, and 30 healthy infants were selected as control group. Then, all infants were grouped according to different delivery and feeding modes: cesarean-delivery AD group (22 cases) , cesarean-delivery control group (19 cases) , spontaneous-delivery AD group (11 cases) , and spontaneous-delivery control group (11 cases) ; mixed-feeding AD group (13 cases) , mixed-feeding control group (11 cases) , formula milk powder-feeding AD group (12 cases) , formula milk powder-feeding control group (11 cases) , breastfeeding AD group (8 cases) , and breastfeeding control group (12 cases) . The total DNA was extracted from the infant feces, PCR was performed to amplify the V1 - V9 regions of bacterial 16S rRNA gene, and PacBio Sequel sequencer was used for high-throughput sequencing. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the bacterial community composition at genus and species levels, and correlations of relative abundance of differentially abundant bacterial taxa with eosinophil counts and SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) scores were analyzed.Results:In the spontaneous-delivery control group, cesarean-delivery control group, spontaneous-delivery AD group, and cesarean-delivery AD group, the top 5 bacterial genera with high relative abundance were Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Veillonella, Streptococcus, and Escherichia. In the formula milk powder-feeding control group, breastfeeding control group, mixed-feeding control group, formula milk powder-feeding AD group, breastfeeding AD group, and mixed-feeding AD group, the top 5 abundant bacterial genera were Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Clostridium, Veillonella, and Escherichia. Linear discriminant analysis of effect size (LEfSe) showed no significant difference in the relative abundance of bacterial taxa among different delivery mode groups; among different feeding mode groups, Akkermansia and Akkermansiamuciniphila were the most differentially abundant microbes in the formula milk powder-feeding AD group at genus (LDA = 4.78) and species (LDA = 4.91) levels, respectively. The relative abundance of Akkermansia and Akkermansiamuciniphila (both 9.6% ± 0.72%) was significantly higher in the formula milk powder-feeding AD group than in the formula milk powder-feeding control group (both 2.50% ± 0.83%, Z = 1.66, P = 0.048) , the mixed-feeding AD group (both 0, Z = 2.26, P = 0.012) and the breastfeeding AD group (both 0, Z = 1.85, P = 0.032) . Additionally, the relative abundance of Akkermansia and Akkermansia- muciniphila was positively correlated with SCORAD scores in AD patients ( ρ = 0.384, 0.387, respectively, both P < 0.05) . Conclusion:Different delivery modes did not significantly affect the intestinal flora of AD or healthy infants, and the relative abundance of Akkermansia and Akkermansiamuciniphila increased in the formula milk powder-feeding infants with AD, which may be involved in the occurrence of AD.
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The pathophysiology of ischemic stroke involves the vascular neural network. Cerebral vein is an indispensable part of vascular neural network, which can provide effective drainage pathway and maintain sufficient cerebral perfusion. More and more evidence have shown that the normal function of cerebral venous drainage system may be as important as arterial perfusion for the outcome of patients with ischemic stroke. However, compared with the cerebral artery system, the cerebral venous system has not attracted enough attention. This article reviews the anatomy of cerebral venous system, the imaging changes after ischemic stroke, and the possible mechanisms of cerebral venous system involved in ischemic stroke and its related complications.
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Gardeniae Fructus (GF) and Semen Sojae Praeparatum (SSP) are both medicine food homologies and widely used in Chinese clinical prescriptions together. The research investigated the pharmacokinetics of four iridoids in normal rats and isolfavones-fed rats, which were administered with isolfavones from SSP for 7, 14, 21 and 28 consecutive days. A validated LC-MS/MS method was developed for determining shanzhiside, genipin-1-gentiobioside, geniposide and their metabolite genipin in rat plasma. Plasma samples were pretreated by solid-phase extraction using paeoniflorin as the internal standard. The chromatographic separation was performed on a Waters Atlantis T3 (4.6 mm × 150 mm, 3μm) column using a gradient mobile phase consisting of acetonitril and water (containing 0.06％acetic acid). The mass detection was under the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode via polarity switching between negative and positive ionization modes. The calibration curves exhibited good linearity (r>0.997) for all components. The lower limit of quantitation was in the range of 1-10 ng/mL. The intra-day and inter-day precisions (RSD) at three different levels were both less than 12.2％ and the accuracies (RE) ranged from -10.1％ to 16.4％. The extraction recovery of them ranged from 53.8％ to 99.7％. Pharmacokinetic results indicated the bioavailability of three iridoid glycosides and the metabolite, genipin in normal rats was higher than that in rats exposed to isoflavones. With the longer time of administration of iso-flavones, plasma concentrations of iridoids decreased, while genipin sulfate, the phase II metabolite of genposide and genipin-1-gentiobioside, appeared the rising exposure. The pharmacokinetic profiles of main iridoids from GF were altered by isoflavones.
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The worldwide COVID-19 outbreak caused by 2019-nCoV infection has been declared as a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization (WHO). COVID-19 patients usually present with respiratory symptoms, while severe cases could also have extrapulmonary organ damages. The immune system is essential in defending against viral infection. However, clinical features as well as pathological findings of COVID-19 suggest that 2019-nCoV infection might cause immune deficiency. It has been revealed that immune imbalance and hyper-inflammatory state in COVID-19 patients are closely associated with disease progression and poor outcomes. This review provided an update on immune responses in 2019-nCoV-infected patients including innate immunity, adaptive immunity and cytokine storm, aiming to elucidate the role of immune system in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
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Objective To evaluate an effective and feasible quantitative evaluation table of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation, and to observe the effect of combination of TCM syndrome differentiation and standard bundle therapy in patients with septic shock. Methods A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted. The septic shock patients with acute deficiency syndrome admitted to department of critical care medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2017 were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into control group and Shenfu group. The patients in both groups received early application of standardized bundle therapy; those in Shenfu group received 60 mL Shenfu injection infusion in addition for 7 days. The TCM syndrome score was evaluated by classification and scoring method of TCM symptoms. The circulation and tissue perfusion, severity of disease, organ function, inflammation response, adjuvant treatment and 28-day mortality were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 50 patients with septic shock were enrolled in the analysis, 25 in control group and 25 in Shenfu group. The markedly effective rate of TCM symptoms score in Shenfu group was significantly higher than that in control group [60.0% (15/25) vs. 16.0% (4/25), P < 0.01]. There was no significant difference in all parameters before treatment between the two groups. After treatment, the observation indexes of both groups were improved. Compared with control group, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) in Shenfu group increased more significantly [mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 13.0 (2.5, 28.5) vs. 6.0 (0, 13.5)], the lactate (Lac) and procalcitonin (PCT) decreased more significantly [Lac (mmol/L): 0.8 (0.1, 3.7) vs. 0.5 (-0.6, 1.7), PCT (μg/L): 2.0 (0.7, 32.3) vs. 0 (-1.8, 3.8)], activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was shortened more significantly [s: 8.5 (0, 12.9) vs. 0 (-7.2, 10.0)], and interleukins (IL-2 receptor and IL-6) levels decreased more significantly [IL-2 receptor (ng/L):1 031.0 (533.0, 1 840.0) vs. 525.5 (186.0, 1 166.8), IL-6 (ng/L): 153.1 (21.4, 406.8) vs. 35.1 (16.3, 110.1)] with significant differences (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the use time of vasoactive drugs, duration of mechanical ventilation, severity of the disease or 28-day mortality between the two groups. However, the use time of vasoactive drugs in Shenfu group was shorter than that in control group (days: 5.48±4.81 vs. 8.28±7.83), and the 28-day mortality was decreased [8.0% (2/25) vs. 20.0% (5/25)]. Conclusions TCM syndrome score is helpful to evaluate the effect of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment, and it is effective and feasible in clinical application. Septic shock patients treated with TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment combined with standard bundle therapy were significantly improved in circulation, tissue perfusion, coagulation function and inflammation reaction.
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Objective To detect and analyze the percentages of CD4+T, CD8+T and invariant na-ture killer T ( iNKT) cells as well as iNKT subsets in different tissues and organs of non-obese diabetic (NOD)/LtJ mice before the onset and in the early and late stages of type 1 diabetes (T1D) for better under-standing the immune function in different disease stages. Methods Female NOD/LtJ mice were selected as experimental subjects. Their fasting blood glucose levels were measured by blood glucose meter. Glycosuria and blood glucose level ≥11. 1 mmol/L in two consecutive detections were used as the diagnostic criteria of T1D. These mice were divided into three groups as follows: non-onset, early stage and late stage groups. Changes in food and water intake, glucose level in the urine, body weight, mental state, fur color and urine volume were recorded. Percentages of CD4+T, CD8+T and iNKT cells and ratios of subsets in peripheral blood, thymus, spleen, liver and inguinal lymph nodes were detected by flow cytometry (FACS). Results (1) Compared with the non-onset and the early stage groups, mice in the late stage group were apathetic and had rough hair. Moreover, significantly increased water and food intake and urine output (P<0. 05) and de-creased body weight, thymus index, spleen index and the absolute lymphocyte counts of spleen, liver and thymus (P<0. 05) were observed in the late stage group. (2) Compared with the non-onset group, the early stage group showed significantly increased percentages of CD4+T cells in spleen, liver, thymus and inguinal lymph nodes (P<0. 05). Compared with the early stage group, the late stage group showed decreased per-centages of CD4+T cells in liver, thymus, inguinal lymph nodes and peripheral blood (P<0. 05). Compared with the non-onset group, the percentages of CD8+T cells in the early stage group were significantly increased in spleen and thymus, but reduced in inguinal lymph nodes (P<0. 05). Compared with the early stage group, the percentages of CD8+T cells in late stage group were significantly reduced in liver and thymus, but increased in inguinal lymph nodes (P<0. 05). (3) The percentages of iNKT cells in liver and inguinal lymph nodes of mice in the early stage group were significantly higher than those of the non-onset group (P<0. 05). The percentages of iNKT cells in peripheral blood and liver of mice in the late stage group were sig-nificantly lower than those of the early stage group (P<0. 05). No significant difference in the percentages of iNKT cells in spleen and thymus was found among the three groups (P>0. 05). (4) Compared with the non-onset group, the percentages of iNKT1 subset in thymus in the early and late stage groups were significantly increased, while the percentages of iNKT2 subset were significantly decreased (P<0. 05). No significant difference in the percentages of iNKT1 and iNKT2 subsets in spleen, liver and inguinal lymph nodes was found among the three groups (P>0. 05). (5) The percentages of iNKT2 subset in spleen, liver and ingui-nal lymph nodes were significantly lower than those of the iNKT1 subset in the three groups (P<0. 05). The percentage of iNKT2 subset in thymus was significantly higher than that of iNKT1 subset in the non-onset group (P<0. 05). (6) Compared with the non-onset and the late stage groups, the early stage group showed significantly increased levels of IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-17A and up-regulated ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 (P<0. 05). Compared with the non-onset and the early stage groups, the late stage group showed significantly increased IL-6 level (P<0. 05). Compared with the non-onset group, IL-10 level in the other two groups was in-creased, especially in the late stage group (P<0. 05). No significant difference in IL-2 level was found among the three groups (P>0. 05). Conclusion Increased percentages of iNKT cells and iNKT1 subset in NOD/LtJ mice with early stage of T1D might be involved in the development of T1D.
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Objective To investigate the effect of overexpression of P2X4 gene on cell apoptosis in 6-OHDA (6-hydroxydopamine, 6-OHDA) induced PD rat model. Methods One hundred twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: 6-OHDA group, control group, objective RNA-P2X4 + 6-OHDA group, target gene RNA-P2X4 group, P2X4-NC + 6-OHDA group and negative virus P2X4-NC only group. Lentivirus or negative virus carrying the target gene and or 6-OHDA or the same amount of physiological saline were injected into the left substantia nigra of rats according to the groups. The number of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra was measured by immunofluorescence method.The expression levels of P2X4R,caspase-1 and NLRP3 in substantia nigra were detected by Western blot assay. Results Compared with P2X4-NC + 6-OHDA group, the expression of protein P2X4R (1.099 ± 0.05569 vs. 0.7821 ± 0.02008, P=0.0003 ), NLRP3 (0.9875 ± 0.01932 vs. 0.6645 ± 0.01747. P<0.0001), caspase-1 (0.9948 ± 0.01788 vs. 0.8276 ± 0.04543, P<0.0001) increased significantly in RNA-P2X4+6-OHDA group. Conclusion overexpression of P2X4 gene can increase the expression of NLPR3 and caspase-1 protein and promote apoptosis in PD rats.
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Objective@#To construct the mutants of ARID1A gene, which is an important component in human chromosomal remodeling complex Switch/Sucrose Non Fermentable (SWI/SNF), and identify their overexpression in liver cancer HepG2 cells.@*Methods@#Overlap PCR was used to construct domain truncated mutantss pcDNA6-ARID1A/ΔARID and pcDNA6-ARID1A/ΔD UF3518 based on wild type plasmids pcDNA6-ARID1A. Lipofectionmethod was used to transfect the wild type and mutants into HepG2. Real-time PCR and western blotting were used to confirm the overexpression of ARID1A and the mutants.@*Results@#SDS-PAGE and sequencingresult confirmed the successful construction of pcDNA6-ARID1A/ΔARID and pcDNA6-ARID1A/ΔDUF3518. Real-time PCR and western blottingresult confirmed the overexpression of both mRNA and protein of wild type ARID1A and ARID1A/ΔARID. The mRNA levels indicated that ARID1A/Δ DUF3518 were overexpressed, but the protein levels were quite low.@*Conclusions@#Functional domain truncated mutants of ARID1A were successfully constructed. Overexpression of wild type ARID1A and ARID1A/ΔARID in liver cancer HepG2 cells was successful. Loss of ARID1A/ΔDUF3518 protein suggest that DUF3518 may contribute to the protein structure stability.
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Objective To investigate the clinical effect of arthroscopic debridement combined with patellofemoral peripheral denervated operation in treating patellofemoral arthritis.Methods One hundred cases of patellofemoral arthritis anterior knee pain in this hospital from January 2014 to September 2015 were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and control group,50 cases in each group.The control group was given the arthroscopic debridement treatment,while the observation group was given the arthroscopic debridement combined with patellofemoral peripheral denervated operation.The visual analogue scale (VAS) before and after treatment,and Lysholm and Kujala scores after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the VAS score before treatment between the two groups (P＞0.05).After treatment,the VAS score in the two groups were significantly decreased,moreover the VAS score in the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05).After treatment,the Lysholm scores in the observation group and the control group were (80.93±4.21) points and (74.29±4.48) points,the knee Lysholm scores of claudication,joint noose,bearing weight,pain,instability,up and down stairs,jump,run,joint swollen and pain,squats were significantly better than those in the control group (P＜0.05);aftertreatment,the Kujala total score in the observation group and the control group were (76.48±6.54) points and (68.34-±-6.22) points respectively,the Kujala scores of claudication,walking distance,bearing weight,squat,up and down stairs,jumping,running,knee pain,long time kneebend,abnormal patellofemoral activity,anterior knee swelling,knee bending limitation,thigh muscle atrophy in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Arthroscopic debridement combined with patellofemoral peripheral denervation surgery in the treatment of patellofemoral osteoarthritis can obviously relieve pain and improves the knee function and patellofemoral joint function.
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Objective To investigate the role of S100B in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD) and explore the possibility of brain-specific S100B transgenic mice as PD animal model. Methods The hS100B transgenic mice were established. The mice were divided into S100B transgenic group (TG),S100B knockout group (KG),and the non-transgenic control group (CG). Motor coordination ability of mice was measured by the rota-rod and pole-climbing test. The expressions of S100B,dopamine D1 receptor,dopamine D2 receptor,G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK)2,GRK5,and tyrosine hydroxylase in brain tissue were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. The levels of tyrosine,levodopa,dopamine,and homovanillic acid in brain tissue were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection. Results Compared with CG,the S100B protein expression in brain tissue significantly increased in TG (P<0.05);the motor coordination ability of mice showed progressive decline (P<0.05);the mRNA and protein expressions of dopamine D2 receptor and GRK2 significantly decreased (P<0.05);the levels of levodopa,dopamine,and homovanillic acid were significantly elevated (P<0.05);the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase was also down-regulated,although there was no significant difference (P>0.05). Compared with CG,there was no obvious change of the above indicators in KG (all P>0.05). Conclusion S100B plays an important role in the motor coordination abnormity of PD. The brain-specific S100B transgenic mice can be used in research on the role of S100B gene in the development of PD.
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Objective To investigate the effects of S100B on the expressions of dopamine receptors and the synthesis,metabolism of neurotransmitters dopamine,5-hydroxytryptamine which are related to the abnormal motor coordination of Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods The hS100B transgenic mice were established.The mice were divided into S100B transgenic group (TG,n =14),S100B knockout group (KG,n =14) and the non-transgenic control group (CG,n =14).The motor coordination ability of mice was measured by the Rota-rod test.The expressions of dopamine D1 receptor (D1DR),dopamine D2 receptor (D2DR),tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and phosphorylated TH at Ser19,Ser31,Ser40 in brain tissue were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting.The levels of Tyr,levodopa,dopamine,homovanillic acid,Trp,5-hydroxytryptamine and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in mesencephalon were measured by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.Results Compared with CG,the motor coordination ability of mice (s) showed progressive decline in TG (3 months:4.60±0.30vs4.25±0.21,q =5.194;6 months:4.52±0.31 vs4.07±0.22,q =6.139;9 months:4.43 ± 0.25 vs 3.60 ± 0.18,q =13.484;all P ＜ 0.05),the expressions of D2DR mRNA and protein decreased (1.34 ± 0.13 vs 0.48 ± 0.07,q =21.578;1.05 ± 0.15 vs 0.69 ± 0.10,q =8.063,both P＜0.05) and phosphorylated TH at Serl9 and Ser40 increased (0.95 ±0.10 vs 1.14-0.13,q =4.972;0.94 ± 0.12 vs 1.17 ± 0.14,q=5.382,both P＜ 0.05),the levels of levodopa,dopamine and homovanillic acid were elevated (87.04 ± 11.77 vs 115.28 ± 16.80,q =4.764;56.66 ± 9.87 vs 72.96 ± 11.02,q=3.923;26.58 ± 8.11 vs 38.65 ± 6.67,q=3.981,all P＜ 0.05),the leve1 of 5-hydroxytryptamine was reduced (925.50 ± 74.26 vs 637.87 ± 56.76,q =11.084,P ＜ 0.05),the ratios of homovanillic acid/dopamine and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid/5-hydroxytryptamine increased (0.45 ± 0.05 vs 0.54±0.08,q =3.325;0.94±0.07 vs 1.42±0.12,q =12.367,both P＜0.05) in the brain of TG at the age of 9 months old.There was no significant difference of detection indexes between KG and CG.Conclusions S100B plays an important role in the development of PD and the brain-specific S100B transgenic mice can be used to investigate the function of S100B gene on the development of PD.
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Objective: To explore the relevant factors of acquired swallowing disorders in adult patients after cardiac surgery. Methods: A Jiatian water swallowing screening test was conducted for adult patients after cardiac surgery in our hospital from 2015-03 to 2015-09. There were 32 patients with acquired swallowing disorder deifned as Case group and meanwhile 420 patients without swallowing disorder at the same word deifned as Control group. Non-conditional Logistic regression analysis was applied to study the relevant factors for acquired swallowing disorders. Results: The overall incidence of acquired swallowing disorders was 7.08%. Multi Logistic regression analysis presented that duration of endotracheal intubation (OR=1.060,P<0.001), pre-operative arrhythmia (OR=2.780,P=0.019), NYHA grade (OR=1.789, P=0.033) and Euroscore (OR=1.216,P=0.040) were the relevant factors for the occurrence of acquired swallowing disorders in adult patients after cardiac surgery. Conclusion: Medical professionals should pay special attention to patients with above mentioned risk features at post-operative drinking to reduce the complications of acquired swallowing disorders.
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[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To establish an animal model of rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) in DBA/1 mice induced by im-munodominant mixed peptides derived from glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI).METHODS: The DBA/1 mice were immunized with emulsified mixed peptide fragments of hGPI 325-339+hGPI469-483 or single peptide hGPI325-339 in com-plete Freund′s adjuvant by subcutaneous injection to induce the model of RA .Body weight , ankle joint symptom scores , the pathological change of the ankle joint , the levels of CD4 +T cells in the spleen and peripheral blood , the proportion of iNKT cells in the peripheral blood , and the levels of TNF-αand IL-6 in serum were detected to evaluate and analyze the model.RESULTS:The hind paw of the model mice appeared red swelling on the 8th day, and then aggravated gradually to the limbs.The red swelling reached peak on the 14th day, and then relieved gradually .Inflammation response dominated by lymphocytes and monocytes was observed in the ankle joint .The inflammatory effect of mixed peptides was more obvious than that of the single one (P<0.05).Compared with control group and the mice treated with single peptide , the weight gain was slow, the amount of CD4 +T cells in the peripheral blood and spleen were increased , the proportion of peripheral iNKT cells in the inflammatory peak was decreased (P<0.05), and the serum level of TNF-αwas increased significantly ( P<0.05) in the mice treated with mixed peptide fragments .CONCLUSION: The immunological characteristics of RA model induced by mixed GPI peptides in DBA/1 mice is closer to that in RA patients , especially in the immunopathology of iNKT cells.Therefore, this model can be used as a new tool for studying the mechanism and immunological intervention of RA.
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Objective To investigate the learning curve of laparoscopy-assisted anorectoplasty in the treatment of high imperforate anus.Methods Sixty patients with high congenital anal atresia who were treated with laparoscopy-assisted anorectoplasty in the Capital Institute of Pediatrics from December 2008 to October 2015 by one experience surgeon were selected as observation group.Based on the criteria,the patients were divided into 4 groups(15 cases in each group) according to the sequence of the operation and every 15 cases served as a learning phase.The operating time,frequency of operation,complication rate,conversion rate to open surgery,blood loss,the rates of blood transfusion and hospital stay were compared among the 4 phases.Results The mean operation duration was (176.3 ±41.6) min,(128.8 ± 36.1) min,(127.3 ± 35.2) min,(124.0 ± 30.1) min in group A,B,C and D,respectively.The operation duration of 4 groups showed a declining trend.Group A has longer operation time than group B,C and D,the difference were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).In detail,the comparison of operation time between group A and group B was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Furthermore,group A had significantly more median blood loss than group B,C and D,the differences were statistically significant [the 4 groups of data,respectively,group A:(17.5 ±6.5) mL,group B:(15.0±5.0) mL,group C:(14.5 ±5.5) mL,group D:(8.5 ±6.5) mL,P＜0.05].The mean capacity of blood loss was 12.7 mL.No significant difference was found in surgical complications,the rates of blood transfusion,total hospital stay,and postoperative hospital stay among the 4 groups(P ＞ 0.05).But the postoperative hospital stay decreased from 9.8 d (group A) to 7.4 d (group D).Conclusions For a well-trained surgeon in imperforate anus surgery.The learning curve of laparoscopy-assisted anorectoplasty in the treatment of high imperforate anus on about 15 cases helps to make a skillful surgeon.
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Objective:To explore the effect of the synthetic immunomodulator CH 2b with a thiazolidin-4-one ring on the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) mice induced by glucose-6-phosphate isomerase(GPI) mixed peptides.Methods:hGPI325-339 ,hGPI469-483 peptide fragments were mixed with complete freund′s adjuvant fully ,DBA/1 mice were givien subcutaneous injection of the emulsifiers,pertussis toxin to strengthen immunity.And then RA mice were intervened with α-GalCer and CH2b,the changes of body weight ,ankle joint symptoms scores were observed .The joint tissues stained with hematoxylin and eosin ( HE) was used to evaluate the inflammatory cells.Fluorescence-activated cell sorting ( FACS) was used to detect the frequency changes of iNKT cells .Cytometric bead array(CBA) was used to analyze the levels of serum cytokines TNF-α,IL-6,IL-4,IFN-γ.Results: Compared with the model group,α-GalCer,CH2b could reduce the inflammation of the model mice ,significantly improve the body weight growth and the joint swelling(P0.05).Conclusion:Immunomodulator CH2b by activating iNKT cells affect the secretion of inflammatory cytokines ,and it relieved the GPI induced arthritis .
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>By collecting and analyzing the laryngeal cancer related genes and the miRNAs, to build a comprehensive laryngeal cancer-related gene database, which differs from the current biological information database with complex and clumsy structure and focuses on the theme of gene and miRNA, and it could make the research and teaching more convenient and efficient.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Based on the B/S architecture, using Apache as a Web server, MySQL as coding language of database design and PHP as coding language of web design, a comprehensive database for laryngeal cancer-related genes was established, providing with the gene tables, protein tables, miRNA tables and clinical information tables of the patients with laryngeal cancer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The established database containsed 207 laryngeal cancer related genes, 243 proteins, 26 miRNAs, and their particular information such as mutations, methylations, diversified expressions, and the empirical references of laryngeal cancer relevant molecules. The database could be accessed and operated via the Internet, by which browsing and retrieval of the information were performed. The database were maintained and updated regularly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The database for laryngeal cancer related genes is resource-integrated and user-friendly, providing a genetic information query tool for the study of laryngeal cancer.</p>